The Five Freedoms Forum (FFF) was founded in late 1986 in response to a call from the black community for whites to show a tangible response to the State of Emergency. This broad regional alliance was made up of some twenty five organisations, ranging from human rights groups to religious, political, professional and student organisations. The FFF had the dual objective of heightening awareness within the white community and drawing whites into anti-apartheid action. The aim was to remove apartheid and have one country and one people in South Africa. This was to be achieved by striving for the five freedoms: freedom from want, freedom of speech and association, freedom from fear, freedom of conscience and freedom from discrimination.
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Registro de autoridadThe South African Prisoners' Organisation for Human Rights (SAPOHR) was formed in Modderbee Prison in 1988 by political and other prisoners. A National Office was opened in 1992. SAPOHR's mission statement is as follows: To address the legacy of the apartheid criminal justice and prison systems and contribute to a culture of human rights and social justice in a non-racial, non-sexist democratic South Africa. Its main functions are to act as a watchdog of the prison services, to be a representative and a voice of prisoners, to provide para-legal services to prisoners, to address human rights abuses within South African prisons and to reform and democratise the Correctional Services and Criminal Justice Service in South Africa.
The NISAA Institute was founded in 1994 as a community-based women's organisation. The Institute is involved in networking, in providing refuge for female survivors of violence and their children, in lobbying for legislation that protect women, and in creating opportunities for women's entrepreneurial development. It is opposed to all forms of oppression, violence and exploitation against women and is committed to non-sectarianism and social transformation.
COSAW was launched in July 1987. It arose out of the need for a grassroots writer's organisation that sought to promote literature and redress the imbalances of Apartheid education. COSAW organises literary events, conducts research, liaises with literacy organisations, establishes writing groups, facilitates workshops for aspirant writers from disadvantaged communities and publishes materials.
The Ceasefire Campaign (a voluntary organisation) was established in August 1993 as a result of a decision taken at the 1993 Peace Festival organised by the End Conscription Campaign. Ceasefire's objectives are to work towards the demilitarisation of society, to reduce and ultimately eliminate the arms industry in South Africa and to support other organisations with similar aims. Ceasefire's activities include campaigning, lobbying, networking, research and information dissemination.
Jean Du Plessis, a South African and anti-apartheid activist, put together a collection of poems for publication and sale together with two people from the Provisional Editorial Board. The Editorial Board believed that unpretentious individual expression was sadly lacking at stellenbosch, and hoped to stimulate and provide a forum for such expression. \'Feel Free\', a collection of poems highlighting people\'s opposition against apartheid, was banned.
The donor of this collection, Barbara Hogan, was born in 1952 in the small town of Benoni in the former Transvaal, now Gauteng Province. In an interview given to Michelle Friedman, Hogan explains that she hails from a white family that largely ignored the harsh and oppressive realities of Apartheid as they affected the lives of the country's black majority.
It was only when she attended the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) and got involved in the student protest politics of the day that she became aware of what the system of Apartheid entailed.
While at WITS Hogan participated in a march that was part of a campaign calling for the release of 22 persons kept in solitary confinement. She was detained.
Her detention and subsequent exposure to white leftist campus politics had a decided politicising effect on her. Hogan got involved in trade unionism and with community organisations. The response of the Apartheid state to the 1976 Uprisings and the death in police custody of Steve Biko led her to the realisation that sustained resistance to Apartheid was only possible if it additionally operated from an underground base.
Hence she joined the then outlawed African National Congress (ANC). Her responsibilities in the Movement were working towards winning over the white left, participating in public political campaigning and supplying the ANC underground in Botswana with information about the activities of trade unions and community organisations inside South Africa.
Hogan was detained in 1982 and, despite the fact that the only 'crime' that the Judiciary could attribute to her was 'furthering the aims of a banned organisation' after being interrogated, ill-treated and kept in solitary confinement for 1 year, Hogan was nonetheless found guilty of 'high treason' and sentenced to 10 years in gaol.
She was released in 1990 with the unbanning of outlawed political organisations and the release of political prisoners, most notably Nelson Mandela.
Upon her release Hogan played a pivotal role in the re-structuring of the ANC from an exiled liberation movement that operated internally from underground to a sustainable political party that was to lead a post-Aaprtheid South Africa to democracy. She did this in her capacity as general-secretary of the Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vaal (PWV) branch of the ANC.
The collection therefore documents in the main the processes of negotiating the end of Apartheid, the re-structuring of the ANC and preparing the country for its first democratic elections. The collection comprises the following discrete foci:
The suspension of the armed struggle and control of violence (Groote Schuur Minute)
The release of political prisoners and the question of indemnity (Pretoria Minute)
The National Peace Accord
Strategies, campaigns and conferences for a peaceful and negotiated end to Apartheid
Michelle Friedman, commissioned by the South African History Archive (SAHA), conducted a comprehensive interview with Barbara Hogan about the latter's imprisonment in 1982 and her experiences at the hands of the security police. The interview serves to complement this collection. It is accessible upon request under the collection number AL2933
The Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA)
Publicity campaigns on issues relating to the tripartite alliance of the ANC/SACP/COSATU
Campaigns to end violence between hostel dwellers and township residents
Campaigns to normalise relations between the ANC and Inkatha
Campaign to popularise the ANC throughout the country
Patriotic Front conference
ANC Anniversary conferences
The relationship between the ANC and the United Democratic Front (UDF)
ANC - African National Congress
ANCWL - African National Congress Women's League African
ANCYL - National Congress Youth League
AWEPAA - Association of West European Parliamentarians for Action Against Apartheid
CECS - Cape Educational Computer Society
CPSPD - Centre for Public Service Policy Development
CCB - Civil Cooperation Bureau
COSATU - Congress of South African Trade Unions
CBM - Consultative Business Movement
CODESA - Convention for a Democratic South Africa
DAC - Department of Arts and Culture (of the ANC)
DEP - Department of Economic Planning (of the ANC)
DIA - Department of International Affairs (of the ANC)
DRC - Dispute Resolution Committee
ERIP - Education Resource and Information Project
EC - European Community
FES - Friedrich Ebert Foundation
IFP - Inkatha Freedom Party
ICT - Institute for Contextual Theology
ICRC - International Committee of the Red Cross
ILRIG - International Labour Research and Information Group
JODAC - Johannesburg Democratic Action Committee
LHR - Lawyers for Human Rights
LDRC - Local Dispute Resolution Committee
NACSSA - National Association of Cooperative Societies of South Africa
NCC - National Campaigns Committee
NCC - National Consultative Conference
NEC - National Executive Committee
NFC - National Finance Committee
NPC - National Preparatory Committee
NWC - National Working Committee
NUM - National Union of Mineworkers
NUSAS - National Union of South African Students
OAU - Organisation of African Unity
PAC - Pan Africanist Congress
PWV - Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vaal
REC - Regional Executive Committee
RFCC - Regional Finance Control Committee
SABMAWU - South African Black Municipal and Allied Workers' Union
SACP - South African Communist Party
SADF - South African Defence Force
SAHWC - South African Health Workers' Committee
SAIC - South African Indian Council
SAP - South African Police
SARCC - South African Railway Commuter Corporation
SARHWU - South African Railways and Harbours Workers Union
SADC - Southern African Development Community
SRC - Special Regional Council
THRA - Transvaal Hostel Residents Association
UDF - United Democratic Front
UWC - University of the Western Cape
VAT - Value-added tax
WITS - University of the Witwatersrand
VMS - World University Service
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All twenty Protestant academies in Germany took a firm anti-apartheid position early on in their 56-year history. When the South African Government of National Unity called for a truth commission to deal with the apartheid past, the Protestant Academy of Bad Boll and Diakonia Council of Churches jointly convened the international conference: “Dealing with the Past/Sichtbar Machen fur die Zukunft”, which was effectively a dialogue about transitional justice and reconciliation in which the comparative situations of Germany and South Africa were examined. Addresses were delivered by Dullah Omar, Alex Boraine, Yasmin Sooka, Alfred Streim, Peter Busse and Herta Daubler-Gmelin, among others.
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) convened a special hearing on the health sector on 17-18 June 1997. This hearing fell within the broad framework of the TRC of documenting past human rights violations and making recommendations for the future of human rights within health care. Subsequently, the Reparations and Rehabilitation Committee of the TRC also convened a special hearing on the mental health needs of victims and survivors of human rights abuses.
The Research Institute for Christianity in Southern Africa (RICSA) is based at the University of Cape Town (UCT). In 1997 the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) commissioned RICSA to advise it on setting up special hearings for the diverse faith communities of the country. The purpose of these hearings was to establish the position of religious communities during the mandated period of investigation of the TRC. Additionally, the Commission tried to establish in how far religious communities contributed to the entrenchment or the demise of Apartheid. Professors John de Gruchy and James Cochrane produced the required document based on more than thirty submissions of the various faith communities of South Africa. RICSA was also commissioned by the TRC to draft a report on the faith communities. The report – TRC FAITH COMMUNITIES REPORT – forms part of this collection.
RICSA was also tasked with drafting a report for inclusion in the TRC Final Report of 1998. The report is in Volume 4 Chapter 3 of the Final Report and is entitled “Institutional Hearing: The Faith Community”.
De Gruchy, Cochrane and Stephen Martin, who had assisted with the drafting of the report, have subsequently jointly edited a book entitled “Facing the Truth: South African Faith Communities and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which includes the full RICSA report as well as interpretative and analytical essays on the subject. The volume is published by David Philip Publishers, Cape Town in 1999.