Sylvia Neame was held on two occasions under the 90-day law, in Pretoria Central for the whole of her first detention and 2 weeks of her second detention, as well as in Fordsburg police station, and was charged for membership of the CP, awaiting trial for 9 months in the Old Fort Prison in Johannesburg, immediately thereafter taken down to Port Elizabeth and housed in the North End Gaol for some months during her Humansdorp trial, thereafter taken to Barberton Prison. After her release from Barberton Prison in April 1967, she left South Africa in May 1967.
Sylvia Neame was one of 14 accused in the trial The State vs Abram Fischer and 13 Others. The were charged in August 1964 for contravening the Suppression of Communism Act, and included Abram Fischer (accused no. 1), Ivan Frederick Schermbrucher, Eli Weinberg, Esther Barsel, Norman Levy, Lewis Baker, Jean Strachan (Middleton), Ann Nicholson, Constantinos Gazidis, Paul Henry Trewhela, Sylvia Brereton Neame, Florence Duncan, Mollie Irene Doyle and Hymie Barsel. They were found guilty and sentenced in April 1965. After his re-arrest Abram Fischer was charged in November 1965 and sentenced to life imprisonment on the 4 May 1966.