Zone d'identification
Cote
Titre
Date(s)
- 1960 - 1994 (Accumulation)
Niveau de description
collection
Étendue matérielle et support
1.8 linear metres (18 archival boxes); 19 photographs
Zone du contexte
Nom du producteur
Notice biographique
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was set up by the Government of National Unity to investigate crimes committed during the apartheid era. It was created through the promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act, No.34, 1995.
This Act, among other things, states that the commission's aims are to investigate and provide 'as complete a picture as possible of the nature, causes and extent of gross violations of human rights'.
The commission began its work on 16 December 1995 with a mandate to investigate, establish facts and compile reports, and if suitable grant amnesties in relation to human rights violations which had occurred in South Africa during the period of 1 January 1960 to 10 May 1994.
The TRC effected its mandate through three committees; the Amnesty Committee, Reparation and Rehabilitation (R&R) Committee and Human Rights Violations (HRV) Committee.
Human Rights Violations (HRV) Committee
The task of the HRV Committee was to investigate human rights abuses that took place between 1960, based on statement made to the TRC. The Committee established the identity of the victims, their fate or present whereabouts, and the nature and extent of the harm they suffered; and whether the violations were the result of deliberate planning by the state or any other organization, group or individual.
Reparation and Rehabilitation (R&R)
The R&R Committee's main task was to recommend a policy to the government regarding the measures that the government should take to provide reparation to victims of gross human rights violations. The Act empowered the R&R Committee to provide victim support to ensure that the Truth Commission process restored victims' dignity, and to formulate policy proposals and recommendations on rehabilitation and healing of survivors, their families and communities at large.
Amnesty Committee (AC)
The primary function of the AC was to ensure that applications for amnesty were considered in accordance with the provisions of the Act. Applicants could apply for amnesty for any act, whether of omission or offence, associated with a political objective committed between 1 March 1960 to December 1993. The cut off date was later extended to 10 May 1994.
The objectives of the Commission were to promote national unity and reconciliation in a spirit of understanding, which transcends the conflicts and divisions of the past by:
Establishing as complete a picture as possible of the causes, nature and extent of the gross violations of human rights which did occur during the period from 1st March 1960 to the cut-off date including antecedents, circumstances, factors and contexts of such violations, as well as the perspectives of the victims and the motives and perspectives of the persons responsible for the commission of the violations, by conducting investigations and holding hearings;
Facilitating the granting of amnesty to persons who make full disclosure of all relevant facts relating to acts associated with a political objective;
Establishing and making known the fate of victims and by restoring the human and civil dignity of such victims by granting them an opportunity to relate in their own words the nature of the violations which they suffered, and by recommending the measures in respect of reparations;
Compiling a comprehensive report;
Analyzing and describing causes, nature and extent of gross violations of human rights that occurred between March 1960 and 10 May 1994, including identification of the individuals and organizations responsible for such violations;
Making recommendations to the president on measures to prevent future violations of human rights.
The Johannesburg Regional Office
The Johannesburg regional office was located in the heart of downtown Johannesburg and served four provinces: Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North West Province and North province.
The Johannesburg Investigation Unit was a small unit, comprising only 12 members.
The unit was rather amorphous, without clear strategies on how and what to investigate, unclear regional leadership with members lacking basic investigative skills among other shortfalls.
In a sentence, it was not a well-controlled or coordinated process, at least as it refers to the Johannesburg Regional Office.
Nevertheless a total of 6200 statements were made to the office; twenty-five Human Rights Violations hearings were organized at which witnesses gave oral testimonies of gross human rights violations, and six post-hearing follow-up meetings were held in the different areas.
Histoire archivistique
Source immédiate d'acquisition ou de transfert
Zone du contenu et de la structure
Portée et contenu
Sally Sealey came to South Africa in the late 1960s, and got involved in student politics in the early 1980s. During her stay, she came into contact with the residents of Thokoza and adjacent townships. This area was the epicenter of violence in Gauteng, with a recorded 3500 murders in the first three and half years of the 1990s. She worked very closely with Self-Defence Units (SDUs) in the area. So she could speak as a good authority on matters of human rights violations especially in the Thokoza area, having been involved in the daily life of the people there.
With the formation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), she became a member attached to the Johannesburg Regional Office's Investigative Unit. Specifically she adopted a defendants' position, helping some of the suspects to apply for amnesty. She was the main external link in applying for amnesty for suspects who had formerly been members of the SDUs unit in the East Rand. She encouraged and helped the suspects to fill in Amnesty applications.
As a result of her experience, this collection includes unique records regarding the processes and information generated during the proceedings of the TRC.
Évaluation, élimination et calendrier de conservation
Accroissements
Mode de classement
Zone des conditions d'accès et d'utilisation
Conditions d’accès
This collection is open for research
Conditions de reproduction
Langue des documents
Écriture des documents
Notes de langue et graphie
Caractéristiques matérielle et contraintes techniques
Instruments de recherche
Instrument de recherche téléversé
Zone des sources complémentaires
Existence et lieu de conservation des originaux
Existence et lieu de conservation des copies
Unités de description associées
Zone des notes
Identifiant(s) alternatif(s)
Mots-clés
Mots-clés - Sujets
Mots-clés - Lieux
Mots-clés - Noms
Mots-clés - Genre
Zone du contrôle de la description
Identifiant de la description
Identifiant du service d'archives
Règles et/ou conventions utilisées
Statut
Niveau de détail
Dates de production, de révision, de suppression
20090702