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- 16 October 1923 (Creación)
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tapeForm of materialRecordings
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Historia biográfica
Sol. T. Plaatje was born on the farm Doornfontein in the Boshof district on October 9 1876. He was educated at Pniel at the mission school established by the Berlin Missionary Society, from 1884 to 1890. In 1894 he worked as a postman in Kimberley, while studying for the Cape Civil Service Certificate. He moved to Mafeking where he became a court interpreter and magistrate's clerk, having at his command a knowledge of about ten languages. He rendered valuable service as an interpreter to the British during the South African War.
In 1901, backed financially by Chief Silas Molema, he begun editing the Koranta ea Becoana, the first Tswana-English weekly newspaper. In 1910 he moved to Kimberley where he edited the Tsala ea Becoana which changed its name to Tsala ea Batho in 1912. The newspaper ceased publication in 1915 because of Plaatje's presence in Britain.
Plaatje was not only an interpreter, journalist and an author but also a politician. When the South African Native National Congress was formed in 1912, Plaatje became General Corresponding Secretary. When the question of native land arose in 1913 Plaatje became a member of the delegation which went to Britain in 1914 to petition the British government. Despite the outbreak of World War I, which prevented the delegation from achieving its mission, Plaatje remained in England. During this time he wrote Native life in South Africa, before and since the European war and the Boer rebellion (London,1916), arguing the cause of the deputation and the land issue. Returning to Kimberley, he then established The Diamond Fields Men's Own Brotherhood, a body which propagated racial harmony. He returned to Europe in 1919 heading the African National Congress delegation, which attempted to get the Native Land Act discussed at the Peace Conference at Versailles. Subsequently he visited the United States and Canada in 1921.
Plaatje wrote extensively, contributing articles to English and Black newspapers, as well as producing literary works such as Mhudi: an epic of South African native life a hundred years ago (Lovedale,1930), as well as translating some of Shakespeare's works, The Comedy of Errors and Julius Caesar, into Tswana.
In 1898 he married Elizabeth Mbelle, the sister of I Bud Mbelle, an important court interpreter and one time general secretary of the African National Congress. They had four sons, St Leger, Richard, Halley and Johann Gutenberg, and two daughters, Olive and Violet. Plaatje died on June 19 1932, while on a visit to Johannesburg and was buried at Kimberley.
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The recording of songs were made during a visit by Sol Plaatje to the UK, on behalf of the then South African National Native Congress (SANNC later ANC). They were recorded at the studios of the Gramophone Co. Ltd. In Hayes, Middlesex on 16 October 1923.
Sol Plaatje, singing, was accompanied by Sylvia Colenso on the piano, the daughter of Francis Ernest Colenso, son of the Bishop of Natal John William Colenso.
The record contains the very first recording of "Nkosi Sikelel iAfrica", also listed here as "Hark 'tis the Watchman's Cry".
The following songs are included:
"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika", also known as "Hark 'tis the Watchman's Cry (Hymn in Sechuana)
"Lead Kindly Light" (Hymn in Sechuana)
"Pesheya Ko Tukela" (Across the Tugela, a Hlubi folk song)
"Singa Mawele" (We are Twins, Dance melody in IsiXhoza)
"A band of hard pressed men are we" (Hymn in IsiXhoza)
"The Kaffir Wedding Song" (J.K. Bhokwe) (Sung in IsiXhoza)
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1 tape made from the original record, 1 CD containing the digital conversion of the tape.
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The digitisation of the audio recording in this collection was made possible by a grant from the Carnegie Foundation in 2012.
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Nota del archivista
Archivist's notes: July 2012 - the cassette recording of the Zonophone record was digitized. The digital copy of the tape copy of the Zonophone record may be accessed by contacting Historical Papers. Please refer to the list of digitised audio material on our website.